Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)

Frozen shoulder, medically known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by progressive stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The capsule surrounding the shoulder joint thickens and tightens, significantly restricting movement. While frozen shoulder can be frustrating and slow to resolve, physical therapy is one of the most effective treatments for restoring mobility and reducing pain.

Stages of Frozen Shoulder

• Freezing Stage (2-9 months): Gradual onset of shoulder pain that worsens over time. Range of motion begins to decrease.
• Frozen Stage (4-12 months): Pain may begin to diminish, but stiffness remains significant. Daily activities like dressing, reaching, and driving become difficult.
• Thawing Stage (5-24 months): Range of motion gradually improves. Full recovery may take 1-3 years without treatment.

Risk Factors

Frozen shoulder most commonly affects people between 40 and 65 years of age and is more common in women. Risk factors include diabetes, thyroid disorders, cardiac disease, and prolonged immobilization following injury or surgery.

How Physical Therapy Helps

Physical therapy can significantly accelerate recovery and improve outcomes at every stage. Treatment includes gentle range-of-motion exercises, joint mobilization, stretching, and modalities to manage pain. Your therapist will also provide a home exercise program that is critical to maintaining progress between sessions.